What causes Lymphoma?
-Doctors seldom know why one person develops lymphoma and another does not.
-But research shows that certain risk factors increase the chance that a person will develop this disease.
-Anything that increases your chance of getting a disease is called a risk factor.
-Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get cancer; not having risk factors doesn’t mean that you will not get cancer.
.Risk factors for lymphoma include the following:
-Age
-Weakened immune system
-Certain viruses
-Family history
-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is most common among teens and adults aged 15 to 35 years and adults aged 55 years and older.
-Although non-Hodgkin lymphoma can occur in young people, the chance of developing this disease goes up with age. Most people with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are older than 60.
-The risk of developing lymphoma may be increased by having a weakened immune system (such as from an inherited condition or certain drugs used after an organ transplant).
-Having certain types of infections increases the risk of developing lymphoma.
-However, lymphoma is not contagious. You cannot catch lymphoma from another person.
. The following are the main types of infection that can increase the risk of lymphoma:
-Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.
People who have HIV infection are at much greater risk of some types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Infection with EBV has been linked to an increased risk of lymphoma.
.Helicobacter pylori
-H. pylori are bacteria that can cause stomach ulcers.
-They also increase a person's risk of lymphoma in the stomach lining.
.Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
-Infection with HTLV-1 increases a person's risk of lymphoma and leukemia.
.Hepatitis C virus
-Some studies have found an increased risk of lymphoma in people with hepatitis C virus.
-More research is needed to understand the role of hepatitis C virus.
-Family members, especially brothers and sisters, of a person with Hodgkin’s lymphoma or other lymphomas may have an increased chance of developing this disease.
-The extent or spread of cancer is usually described as stages.
-There is no standard staging system for brain tumors.
-Brain tumors that begin in the brain may spread to other parts of the brain and spinal cord, but they rarely spread to other parts of the body.
-Treatment of brain tumor is based the following:
-The type of cell in which the tumor began.
-Where the tumor formed in the brain.
-The amount of cancer left after surgery.
-The grade of the tumor.
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